Channel Fading Models

Goldsmith — AWGN, Rayleigh, and Rician Fading Channels

Channel Model

Parameters

Rayleigh: No LOS. Envelope ~ Rayleigh distribution. Deep fades common.

Rician: LOS + scattered. K = PLOS/Pscatter.
K→∞: AWGN. K→0: Rayleigh.

Doppler spread fd = v·fc/c
Coherence time Tc1/(4fd)